LEC-8 CLASSIFICATION OF YARNS

Classification of Yarn

The yarn is a continuous strand which is made by natural or synthetic fiber or material twisted or laid together that can be made into a textile fabric. So, a continuous twisted strand of natural or synthetic fibers used in weaving or knitting to produce fabric. If you are involved in the apparel industry then you must know the classification of yarn.

Yarn Classification

Classification according to their structure

The yarn may be divided into three types according to their structure. They are as follows:

1. Single yarn/staple fiber yarn / spun yarn

By mechanically assembly or twisting of staple fibers together spun yarns are made. Ring spinning, Rotor spinning, wrap spinning, Air-jet spinning etc. machines are used to produce this single yarn or spun yarn.

2. Ply yarn

For normal textile and clothing producing single yarn is used. But ply yarns are often needed to obtain special yarn features such as:

To ensure high strength

For gaining special properties.

**A ply yarn is sometimes called folded yarn also. It is produced by twisting two or more single yarn together.

**Another is cabled yarn which is produced by twisting two or more ply or folded yarn.

The direction of twisting of yarn to make ply yarn is defined as S or Z twist. Generally, the folding twist is in the opposite direction to that of the single yarn.

classification of yarn

Single Yarn & Ply Yarn

3. Filament yarn

The yarn which is made from one or more continuous strands is called filament yarn. In filament yarn, each component filament which is used to make this filament yarn runs the whole length of the yarn.